![]() The porous PTFE membrane is advertised to provide a low pressure drop particulate filter with a minimum 98% particulate efficiency. The secondary filter particulate media is made from a durable hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane which is water repellant and can therefore can be disinfected. The main facepiece itself also utilizes a self regulating twin seal design that is promoted by the manufacturer to maximum protection against inward leakage. The inner oral-nasal mask provides a separate seal, not just an air guide, the respirator filters the air between the ocular (eye space) and breathing zones through the secondary filter which is rated N98. In addition to the filtering capability of the primary canister the FRR has a “mask within a mask” concept incorporating a secondary filter system that provides additional particulate protection against biological and radiological material hazards. The lens design also makes it possible to integrate sighting systems, night vision goggles and other associated equipment.įRR lense with glue marks The The Oral-Nasal Cup & Secondary Filter The visor is of a single panoramic lens which provides lateral, downward and binocular vision. The table below indicates compatible arrangements giving a total of 10 combinations. The main mask body and the secondary inner mask come in 4 different sizes, Size 1 being extra Large, 2 Large, 3 Medium & 4 small. The chemically hard mask body and twin seal system are made of a proprietary butyl blend material. The report was issued in 2017 and finding can be reviewed within the reference section ģM/Scott confirmed that the FRR has now been discontinued from their range of products Overview Facepiece ![]() The assessment addressed 25 evaluation criteria in 5 SAVER categories: Affordability, Capability, Deployment, Maintainability, and usability. The assessment was undertook by emergency responders with the criteria and scenarios used in the assessments were derived from the results of a focus group of emergency responders with experience using CBRN APRs. This program funded by the US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) aims to assist emergency responders making procurement decisions. In 2016 the FRR was one of eight CBRN APR's assessed under the SAVER Program (System Assessment and Validation for Emergency Responders). ![]() Turkeys AFAD (Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency).it is difficult to tell the difference between the FRR and the military GSReS without close examination however with photographs in circulation on the internet it is likely that the following units are using the FRR: This secondary filter also provides sweat removal and can be removed and cleaned. While designed to accept Stanag 4155 DIN 40mm threaded filter cartridges the FRR is also equipped with a secondary particle filter attached to the oral nasal cup, providing a 'mask within mask' arrangement. The FRR has seen adoption by police forces military units and civilian first responders around the world, it was designed from the outset to accept an external air supply as a Self Contained Breathing Apparatus or SCBA. 2.2 The The Oral-Nasal Cup & Secondary Filter. ![]()
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![]() Set backround color to white: color Display Background white.In Graphics > Representations > Trajectory > Draw Multiple Frames type first:last:stride going back to the Draw style tab, select a drawing method for each of the two Reps, e.select the new Rep from the drop-down menu and change the selection e.g.type in a selection in Graphics > Representations > Selections e.Restraints will be activated, when you specify define=-DPOSRES_XXX in the. Insert an include instruction for the p file in the TOPOLOGY.top file. Genrstr -f TOPOLOGY.pdb -o pĪttention: check if atoms are numbered in the right way, otherwise atom number of itp file might clash with numbers in the. (.gro files contain velocity data in the last three columns.) Otherwise new velocities are sampled from the Maxwell distribution. gro contains velocity data and you specify the option gen_vel=no, velocities are taken form the. When a tpr (binary topology) is created with grompp, you supply initial conditions in a. In the interactive selection dialog, select the stucture of interest. Trjconv -fit rot+trans -s SYSTEM.tpr -f TRAJECTORY.xtc -o OUTPUT.xtcĮditconf -ndef -f o -o SELECTED_o right click Molecule entry in VMD main window > Save Coordinates.check "Backbone" in Selection Modifiers.Go to Extensions > Analysis > RMSD Trajectory Tool.Remove center-of-mass motion and rotation from a trajectory If trajectories contain data that was written after the creation of the last check-point, these data will be overwritten.įind the number of frames in a trajectory If only single residues are missing, you can use the profix utility of the Jackal software suite. Alternative (web) tools are H++ and PROPKA. Pdb2gmx performs an automatic selection of the protonation state. Setting the protonation state of a topology Use pdb_atom_renumber.py to renumber your atoms. You may use the fields with the residue name or the chain name for orientation.Īfter pasting, the atoms might not be numbered from 1. Just copy and paste the lines that belong to the molecule of interest. disable automatic backup for Gromacs tools.working with PDBs that contain two chains.mixing graphical representations in VMD.remove molecules / atoms from a gro file.remove center-of-mass motion and rotation from a trajectory.find the number of frames in a trajectory.setting the protonation state of a topology.To unsubscribe, send "unsubscribe amber" to majordomo_at_ > Any suggestions on how to rectify this problem would be appreciated. ![]() > all the bitmaps together in one continuous movie ![]() The thing is, I have all of the bitmap files (all 240 of them) I also reinstalled VMD and there was no luck in that > I did a thorough search for this videomach.exe file on my hard drive but > popup error "Could not locate 'videomach.exe'. > The progress was successful until I reached stage 7, when I received the > 5) Used default Movie Settings as "Trajectory" and Format of ".MPEG" > 4) Set the appropriate working directory and named the movie. > 3) From VMD Main, went to Extensions -> Movie Maker -> VMD Movie > animation of my simulation using the following steps: > I have a question regarding making movies in VMD.
![]() ![]() There’s a good chance you and your hubby will get a night out with your child sleeping soundly in the backseat! (Good luck.) 5301 West Interstate 45 Service Road, EnnisĪre you about to brave your first movie with a preschooler? Be sure to check out DMB’s tips on taking a first-timer. If you are in the infant stage, try sticking your baby in the carseat and start driving. Drive-ins work for a date night or a fun family event of all ages. Laura shared her love for a drive-in experience in this post. Whether you live in the Dallas area or you are just visiting, Vivid Seats can help you find tickets to the live events you love. Review tags are currently only available for. concession stand haven t nachos food and drinks a lot of fun own vehicle arrive early funnel cake screen popcorn truck drive inn dallas trunk retro. Galaxy Drive-In Theater –Yes, the theater is in Ennis, but it’s oh so worth the drive. Galaxy Drive-in Movie Theatre: Classic Drive In Movies - See 113 traveler reviews, 27 candid photos, and great deals for Ennis, TX, at Tripadvisor. The Magnolia is known for its independent films and a popular spot to catch a lot of the Awards Season nominees. ![]() The theater’s proximity to great dining makes it easy to grab a drink or a dessert before or after your show. You can’t beat the prime real estate known as Magnolia Theater right smack in the middle of the West Village. Magnolia Theater –Location, location, location. Get more info about LOOK on a recent DMB review here. That’s why I was thrilled to learn that LOOK Cinemas sources their in-theater food from The IVY Kitchen, an adjoining upscale restaurant. LOOK Cinemas – I’ll admit I’m somewhat of a food snob and usually turn up my nose at many of the dine-in movie theater choices. Don’t have the kids? Mockingbird Station is a great evening setting for a quick dinner or shopping before you catch the show. Kids under 5 get in free with the purchase of an adult matinee ticket. On Tuesdays and Wednesdays at 1:30pm, the Angelika offers a Crybaby Matinee where the lights are dimmed, the volume is low, and a changing table is provided in the theater. Angelika Film Center –The Mockingbird Station independent theater is a win-win for everyone. In addition, upscale food is served so you can multi-task and save money on babysitter hours while you are out. In short, there are different tiers of Premium seats with the ultimate experience including pillows and blankets to go with your plush reserved seats. iPic Theaters – Sherry raved about iPic Theaters in Fairview here on Dallas Moms Blog a few years ago. Sit in the car in the seat only you and those you love have farted in. And, to an even lesser amazing extent, mini-golf. And, to a lesser amazing extent, Dip N Dots Ice Cream of The Future Since 1980®. ![]() OH AND DID I MENTION THE FUNNEL CAKE? THERE'S FUCKING FUNNEL CAKE UP IN HERE, PEOPLE. We're talking Lone Ranger + Man Of Steel. We're talking Monsters University followed by Despicable Me 2 for your little pants-shitters. We're not talking shitty old movies on a crappy screen either, people. And that gets you admission to a double feature of two new releases. A year-long time-lapse of the seat you're sitting in at the regular movie theater would surely be the scariest thing on Our Internet. They did all that stuff you wish they hadn't and that no amount of Febreze can undo. Tickets are one million dollars, concessions are one million dollars, plus you have to share an armrest with some human you don't know and that stranger-arm-hair-touching-your-arm-hair thing happens and you almost puke up the nasty fake pump-butter you just ingested.Īnd who knows how many butts have been in the seat your butt is in and what have those tons of butts done in the seat you're currently in? Answers: 1) Infinity butts. Going to the regular movies is a wallet gangbang. That's like trying to convince a Shakira not to wear animal print. Try to boil the regular movie-going experience down to one single sucky thing. You say, "Oh, it's a far drive to Ennis." And I say, "Yep." That is the one negative part about this place. And lo, as Galaxy Drive-In Theatre had foretold, it was awesome. ![]() Galaxy Drive-In Theatre: "Shut your whore mouth and come over here." "But I can't afford a freaking baby-sitter plus concessions plus tickets waaah waaah and more crying noises!" Me: "Going to the movies is so expensive, but I want to see all the newest of the movies because: yay Johnny Depp headdress. Got an idea for a column? Start your own blog and write it up, you lazy shit. Welcome to Alice Column, in which Alice Laussade writes stories about things on (roughly) the same day of (roughly) every week, making it (roughly) a column. ![]() ![]() ![]() They will be on the ceiling fan side of the receiver and will have labels showing the motor conductor, the light conductor, and the neutral conductor. Your new remote receiver will have the same black, blue, and white wires as those inside the cover. Next are the black and blue wires.ĭisconnect both by twisting the wires from the black wire of the electrical box. These two white wires will need to be separated. Find the white wires that connect to the electrical box from the ceiling to the fan. Inside, you should see the ceiling fan wiring and the hanging bracket attached to the electrical cabinet. ![]() Remove the motor cover from the ceiling fan. Put the screws away in a secure location. Using a ladder, carefully remove the four screws that hold the fan cover in place. Before you begin, remove the remote receiver from all packaging and prepare all tools. The power supply must be switched off at the circuit breaker. When working with electrical installations, it is recommended to test the new conductor with a non-contact voltage tester before handling.īe sure to turn off the fan power before beginning any electrical project. These are the wires that will connect to your new remote-control receiver. And the white wire is the neutral wire for the motor and light. The black wire from the ceiling fan supplies the fan motor. When you open the ceiling fan cover, you will see the three main wires that connect the motor to the light. The energy passes through the condenser of the fan motor and creates torque to rotate the fan blades. The ceiling fan works with an electric motor that contains rotating motor coils. The other receivers have extra steps and are securely fastened to the wall. Inside the fan cover, this receiver is wired. Self-help with a few tools is required to install the Harbor Breeze ceiling fan remote control receiver in the fan shroud. The fanlight and fan speed may both be changed using the remote control. How to Install a Remote Control for a Harbor Breeze Ceiling FanĬonfiguring remote control activation allows you to switch on the Harbor Breeze ceiling fan from the comfort of your couch by pushing a button. Press the “Hi,” “Med,” and “Lo” buttons on the remote control within 20 seconds to switch to the fan.Restore power to the Harbor Breeze fan by turning the appropriate circuit breaker to the “On” position.Replace the remote control battery and battery cover.Remember that the DIP switches on both units must agree to work properly for the fan and remote control. Compare the DIP switches on the fan remote control with the DIP switches on your fan receiver.Remove the battery from the remote control to access the DIP switches at the bottom of the empty battery compartment. Remove the battery cover from the rear of the Harbor Breeze remote control that came with the fan. ![]() ![]() Turn the switch that controls your fan to the “Off” position to eliminate the risk of electric shock. Open the service panel cover to access the switches. Turn off the power to the Harbor Breeze fan from your home’s electrical service panel before attempting to program.Follow these simple programming instructions to change the direction of the Harbor Breeze ceiling fan remote control in five minutes or less. Many Harbor Breeze ceiling fan models come with a remote control programmed to control the unit. Harbor Breeze is a famous ceiling fan brand. ![]() ![]() ![]() Students will complete a leaded glass panel (approx. We focus on the lead came method of stained glass construction. Are you interested in building larger or more geometric designs? Then this is for you. This technique works well when doing larger panels or entry door panels. Learn what tools to use, layout, studio setup, safety information, came selection, lead soldering techniques, cementing and much more. Learn the basics of working with lead came. There is more to stained glass than copper foil. Send Questions to: Beginning Lead – Intermediate Must purchase a tool kit (class, kit & glass comes to about $350). Several different patterns are available for you to choose from at the first class. You will complete a small stained glass window (approx. During the class, students will complete the starter project using glass they select. The class focuses on the copper foil method of stained glass construction. ![]() This class is for beginners as well as for those who need to enhance their cutting skills. The class will cover the theory of “Why Glass Breaks?” holding the cutter, scoring the glass, breaking using pliers, breaking using running pliers, using a straight edge, cutting inside curves, outside curves, and ovals. As in any craft, knowing what tools to purchase and how to use them properly is essential. You will learn about the tools of the trade, such as the glass cutter, pliers and running pliers. ![]() ![]() ![]() Hyaluronic acid ensures it’s nicely moisturizing, too. It’s also a dermatologist-recommended sunscreen for sensitive skin. Oil- and fragrance-free, it’s a good option not only for those dealing with hyperpigmentation but also anyone with acne. Howe recommends this formula, thanks to its effective combination of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. Related: Tried-and-True Hyperpigmentation Solutions For Every Skin Tone, According to Dermatologistsįind Doctors Near You Derm-recommended sunscreens for melasma and hyperpigmentation EltaMD UV Elements Tinted Broad-Spectrum SPF 44 ($36)ĭr. Still, if your goal is to clear up melasma and/or fade other kinds of hyperpigmentation, consider trying any one of these nine sunscreens. That being said, the best sunscreen for melasma (and the best sunscreen for hyperpigmentation) is one that you like and are actually going to use-be it physical or chemical-and any sunscreen is better than no sunscreen. On the other hand, the active ingredients in their chemical counterparts are able only to absorb and neutralize ultraviolet light and have no effect on the infrared radiation or visible light, he adds. The active ingredients in mineral sunscreens-zinc oxide and titanium dioxide-sit on top of the skin and deflect all three of these. “Melasma is caused not only by ultraviolet light but also by infrared radiation and visible light,” explains Dr. It’s not so much that chemical sunscreen is bad for melasma it just lacks certain ingredients that are ideal for the condition. So what’s the best sunscreen for melasma? In short, opt for physical formulas over chemical ones. Point being, using sunscreen to prevent dark spots is paramount. ![]() Non-melasma types of hyperpigmentation may be a bit easier to address with things such as lasers and peels, but, again, without regular sunscreen application, you’re always running the risk of having that discoloration return. ![]() Sun protection is the only way to prevent it from worsening and recurring, once you do have it under control,” says Dr. “Melasma is very difficult to treat, often requiring many time-consuming and costly treatments. Hence the importance of using sunscreen 365 days a year. So, does sunscreen help with hyperpigmentation? It won’t get rid of it, but it will keep it from getting worse-and, oftentimes, from even occurring in the first place. TL DR: No matter whether you’re dealing with a few stubborn spots or an allover mottled complexion, the sun is most likely to blame. Sun-induced freckles or sunspots are yet another form of hyperpigmentation, and, as the name suggests, are also the result of chronic sun exposure. “The root cause of melasma is unknown-though hormones do play a role-but we know that sun exposure is the main factor that exacerbates the condition,” he says. “‘Hyperpigmentation’ is a broad term referring to any darkening of the skin, of which melasma is one form,” explains New York City board-certified dermatologist Dr. But for those dealing with melasma and hyperpigmentation, sun protection is paramount. In case you still haven’t gotten the memo, daily sunscreen use is an essential, nonnegotiable step in anyone’s skin-care routine. ![]() ![]() However, you must book your flight 21 days in advance, which must be a one-way flight. Who can avail of Southwest's $59 fare deals?Īnyone can avail of the Southwest Airlines $59 fare deal. You can book the flight any time between these dates. Southwest Airlines gives many offers from time to time, providing different benefits and discounts, and this time, the airline is offering flights at $59 from 4 October 2022 to 15 February 2023. As Winter is here, more people want to travel to their favorite destinations during these months. If you are searching for a method to travel cheaper to your desired destination, you always look for an airline that offers the lowest price. Besides, to help find the accurate time to grab the cheapest fare for the Southwest Airline booking, the traveler can even make use of the low-fare calendar feature to grab the best deals for their reservations. On what days Southwest Airlines offer cheap flight tickets?Īs per the various stats and online portals, the travelers can confirm their flight tickets with Southwest during Tuesday afternoon as the airline launches fresh deals during that time of the day. Thus, these are the few travel routes to which one can confirm reservations during the Southwest airlines sale. And for the travelers who are looking for the details on the cheapest day to confirm flight tickets with Southwest Airlines, one can check out the details mentioned below and plan out their trip accordingly. Lastly, for the travelers who are planning to confirm Southwest flights for as low as $29, these are the routes on which one can book their reservations: The travelers can find the one-way flight tickets for $59 on these specific routes that include:Īnd for the travelers who are planning to grab the best fares during the $49 sale, here are the travel routes on which one can confirm flights tickets for $49: And to help one easily grab the lowest airfare on the specific routes, one can check out the flight routes mentioned below and manage their trip with Southwest accordingly. To help travelers plan a budget trip, the airline has introduced Southwest Airlines sale during which one can grab the best fares for their reservations. Travel routes on which Southwest flights are available for $59, $49, and $29 So, for any of the travelers who are planning their next trip with Southwest, it is suggested that they look up to the sale to grab the best fares for their reservations. However, the fare for the reservations is completely dependent on the travel route and other factors. A bit about Southwest $59, $49, and $29 saleįor the travelers who are not aware of the sale service, the airline launches an annual sale where one can grab flight tickets for a fare as low as $59, $49, and $29. Besides, for those who are not aware, Southwest is an airline that is known for providing low-cost flight tickets to its passengers. ![]() Luckily, at present, some airlines offer special fares to confirm the reservations and plan out an affordable trip. Traveling on a budget is the preference of most travelers. ![]() Southwest Airlines Sale $59, $49, $29 - Low Fare Deals ![]() ![]() ![]() In fact, a card in PSA 10 Gem Mint condition recently sold for a record $861,000 through Goldin auctions. The three mini or panel cards are joined together as one, with perforated seperators. That’s right, the Bird Magic rookie from 1980-81 Topps is technically three cards-numbers 34, 174, and 139, respectively for Larry Bird, Julius Erving, and Magic Johnson. Which brings us to the 1980-81 Topps basketball card that not only features a Larry Bird rookie, but also doubles as a Magic Johnson rookie, and wait, also features Julius Erving! On one hand, collectors would prefer to own a rookie card that showcased the star only, while others don’t mind as much.īut also, sometimes collectors don’t have a choice, and other times, the other player or players featured carry a ton of value themselves. Think Cal Ripken and 1982 Topps or Nolan Ryan and 1968 Topps. Now, there are conflicting opinions about “shared” rookie cards-or rookie cards that feature more than one player. (That is, lowest-priced, graded by a major company, not separated Buy It Now options with an image.) $650: 1980 Topps Scoring Leader Larry Bird/Erving/Magic Johnson Rookie PSA 4.$650: 1980-81 Topps Larry Bird Julius Erving Magic Johnson BVG 5 Rookie RC HOF.$600: 1980-81 Topps #6 Larry Bird/Julius Erving/Magic Johnson SGC 2.Likewise, as an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.Īs of December 2022, the value of the most recent Bird Magic Rookies on eBay have sold for:Īs of December 2022, the lowest-priced Bird Magic Rookies are available on eBay for: As I am part of the eBay Partner Network and other affiliate programs, if you follow these links and make a purchase, I will receive a commission. With the new mentoring system, create mentors that give significant boosts when attached to your wallpaper of your phone.Affiliate Disclosure: This post contains affiliate links to eBay, Amazon, and other platforms within the content, sidebar ads, and in other areas.Your favorite all-time NBA icons! From basketball legends like Michael Jordan, Kobe Bryant, Shaquille O’Neal, Dirk Nowitzki, Vince Carter, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, and Dwyane Wade to current NBA superstars like LeBron James, Stephen Curry, James Harden, Nikola Jokic, Giannis Antetokounmpo, Kevin Durant, Ja Morant, Trae Young, Devin Booker, and many more.Collect hundreds of basketball wallpapers featuring NBA roster, NBA Playoffs Superstars, NBA All-Stars, and NBA MVPs.It's easy to apply wallpaper on your home screen and lock screen NBA Wallpapers HD 4K_ features and content: Just select the NBA wallpaper you like the most and change it to wallpaper for your phone.Ī complete collection of cool wallpapers that you can use as backgrounds and wallpapers on your cellphone and smartphone. And with NBA Wallpapers HD 4K_, this is the only wallpaper app you will ever need.ĭownload NBA Wallpapers HD 4K_ and create your own wallpaper. An easy and simple application to set NBA wallpaper android on your mobile phone, the latest. If you like NBA you will find in this application NBA top wallpapers or backgrounds you want in high quality for your phone. If you are the rightful owner of one of the images posted on this application and do not wish to be displayed, then please contact us and we will immediately do whatever is necessary to prevent violations □ We do not intend to infringe the intellectual property or legitimate copyright. List of SOME of the Wallpapers of nba Basketball Players on this app:Īll images that you find here are believed to be in the "public domain". You can save any of these Full HD / 4K Wallpapers in your phone. Set wallpapers to your desktop as well with one click. You can easily share Ultra HD Wallpapers with anyone with just one click. All the wallpapers ordered by image quality, to make it easy for the users to find any 4k Wallpaper they would like to have on their phones. 650: 1980 Topps Scoring Leader Larry Bird/Erving/Magic Johnson Rookie PSA 4. 650: 1980-81 Topps Larry Bird Julius Erving Magic Johnson BVG 5 Rookie RC HOF. All your favorite backgrounds are placed under one roof. As of December 2022, the lowest-priced Bird Magic Rookies are available on eBay for: 600: 1980-81 Topps 6 Larry Bird/Julius Erving/Magic Johnson SGC 2. You can get the most latest NBA Basketball Wallpapers. We focus on the simplicity of the app, which gives a user-friendly interface and great performance. The app is designed for Android phones & tablets, so it works greatly on any screen size or screen resolution. We add new Top Quality 4K | Full HD All Star Players Pictures everyday! This application is a great tool for 4K | Full HD Basketball Teams Backgrounds. No need to look for more Basketball Wallpaper apps. This app has 4K HDR as well as Full HD (High Definition) Basketball Wallpapers NBA ![]() ![]() ![]() There are several kinds of in-level Boosters you can make in Tune Blast: The game makes it easier to recognize when you can make a Booster, as it will mark the blocks that can create one with a relevant symbol. Levels which combine different kinds of obstacles and special objects that need to be cleared or collected are the hardest to go through, and Booster use is essential during such challenges. The second type of Booster in Toon Blast are in-level Boosters that you make yourself on the board by tapping on large cube combos. There are three types of pre-level Boosters including Rockets, Bombs and Disco Balls (their function will be detailed below).Īctivating a Booster before a level begins ensures that you can start to play with a Booster (or more) already on the board, which is a big advantage, especially during harder ones. New players will need to beat a few levels before unlocking these tools. These are power-ups which you can equip before a level starts, although they won’t be available right from the beginning. Practice Self-Control When Using Boostersīoosters are special items that can help players hit level targets faster, and there are several types available in Toon Blast. So without further ado, let’s dive into our Toon Blast guide, as we are going to share with you a bunch of tips, tricks and strategies to complete more levels as fast as possible! 1. With the game’s popularity still going strong in 2020, we’ve recently taken another look at Toon Blast and have put together a fresh new guide with updated tips and tricks that will help you clear each stage with honors. Join Cooper Cat, Wally Wolf and Bruno Bear – your furry companions as you pursue the mission to become the number one puzzle solving master out there. Players will therefore have to devise clever strategies in order to remove these hurdles using the allotted number of moves and win. Levels become a lot harder with the introduction of obstacles and special objects. Fortunately, the game offers various tools to help reach goals easier. There are countless of them to explore, and as players advance they are confronted with increasingly difficult challenges. ![]() Toon Blast is divided into chapters that group a cluster of 20 levels under a common theme (jungle, deep dive action, desert night etc). Its premise is a simple one – tap on block clusters of the same colors to collect and clear them off the board to complete the level objective – and it’s what probably makes Toon Blast so fun to play and extremely addictive.
![]() ![]() After a few days I got the answer via my voicemail. When I asked about the status of the Texas Indigo, I was transferred to an extension. But, is it threatened? Faced with conflicting information from Texas Parks & Wildlife, I decided to call them for clarification. ![]() So, now I knew the Texas Indigo is a subspecies of the Central American Indigo and not of the Eastern Indigo. So, Texas Parks & Wildlife was wrong when it said, “The Texas indigo snake, Drymarchon melanurus erebennus, is a subspecies of the Eastern indigo snake.” But, was it right when it said, “It is listed as threatened in Texas…?” That is the question. Instead, it is a subspecies of Drymarchon melanurus. ITIS says the Texas Indigo is not a subspecies of Drymarchon corais. It looks like a real mess! But, for our purposes, note these two lines from the listing above: Drymarchon melanurus erebennus (Cope, 1860) – valid – Texas Indigo Snake Smith, 1941 – validĭrymarchon melanurus unicolor H. Duméril, 1854) – validĭrymarchon melanurus orizabensis (Dugès, 1905) – validĭrymarchon melanurus rubidus H. Duméril, 1854) – valid – Middle American Indigo Snake, Blacktail Criboĭrymarchon melanurus erebennus (Cope, 1860) – valid – Texas Indigo Snakeĭrymarchon melanurus melanurus (Cope, 1860) – invalidĭrymarchon melanurus melanurus (A. Smith, 2016 – valid – Gulf Coast Indigo Snakeĭrymarchon margaritae Roze, 1959 – valid – Margarita Indigo Snakeĭrymarchon melanurus (A. Smith, 1941 – invalidĭrymarchon couperi (Holbrook, 1842) – valid – Eastern Indigo Snake, Blue Indigo Snake, Blue Bull Snakeĭrymarchon kolpobasileus Krysko, Granatosky, Nuñez and D. Smith, 1941 – invalidĭrymarchon corais unicolor H. Boie, 1827) – invalid – Indigo Snake, Yellow-tailed Criboĭrymarchon corais couperi (Holbrook, 1842) – invalid – Eastern Indigo Snakeĭrymarchon corais erebennus (Cope, 1860) – invalid – Texas Indigo Snakeĭrymarchon corais orizabensis (Dugès, 1905) – invalidĭrymarchon corais rubidus H. Boie, 1827) – valid – Indigo Snake, Yellow-tail Criboĭrymarchon corais corais (F. When I selected “scientific name” and typed in “Drymarchon”, here’s what I got:ĭrymarchon Fitzinger, 1843 – valid – Indigo Snakesĭrymarchon caudomaculatus Wüster, Yrausquin and Mijares-Urrutia, 2001 – validĭrymarchon corais (F. Wondering what the deal was, I went to our go-to taxonomic source, the Integrated Taxonomic Information System ( ). I always thought the Eastern and Texas Indigos were subspecies of the same species. The US Fish & Game Wildlife Service places the Eastern Indigo as a subspecies, couperi, of the species Drymarchon corais. ![]() And did you notice that Texas Parks & Wildlife called our Indigo a subspecies of the Eastern Indigo? Our Indigo, according to the State of Texas, is a subspecies, erebennus, of the species Drymarchon melanurus. Did you notice the difference in the names? Our Indigo, apparently Drymarchon melanurus erebennus, was not listed. So, in an abundance of caution I also checked the US Fish & Wildlife Service where, lo and behold, I found the Eastern indigo snake ( Drymarchon corais couperi) listed (see ). As you’ll see later in this blog, the text is wrong on a couple of points and it might have been corrected.) It is listed as threatened in Texas and cannot be hunted or killed.” (As an aside, below that paragraph are some cool photos of an Indigo eating a Western Diamondback Rattlesnake ( Crotalus atrox).) (Another aside: If you are reading this a while from the time that I published it, the text may have changed. Guess what it said?!?! (If you go to the above link, you’ll have to scroll down a bit to see it) “The Texas indigo snake, Drymarchon melanurus erebennus, is a subspecies of the Eastern indigo snake. Then, I went to another Texas Parks & Wildlife page: Here’s a link to the listing, check it yourself: First, I searched the Texas Parks and Wildlife website and didn’t find the Texas Indigo Snake listed as either threatened or endangered. I, too, thought it was considered threatened by both the State of Texas and the US Government. They are non-venomous and have been declared as a threatened species by the US state of Texas.” Note the “threatened” status. Many online resources say something similar to what says, “Found in Texas and almost everywhere in Mexico, the Texas Indigo Snake is a large size snake that is a member of the colubrid family. But first:Ī DISCLAIMER (well…maybe, you’ll have to read more to find out what is it)! ![]() Photo: The head of a large Texas Indigo Snake ( ( Drymarchon melanurus erebennus).Īfter at least 50 years, I finally once again saw a Texas Indigo Snake ( Drymarchon melanurus erebennus) on our farm. ![]() |
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